New International Manual
of Braille Music Notation

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CONTENTS
  • Preface
  • Compiler's Notes

    PART ONE: GENERAL SIGNS
  • Purpose and General Principles
  • Basic Signs
  • Clefs
  • Accidentals
  • Rhythmic Groups
  • Chords
  • Slurs and Ties
  • Tremelos
  • Fingering
  • Bar Lines and Repeats
  • Nuances
  • Ornaments
  • Theory
  • Modern Notation

    PART TWO: INSTRUMENTAL AND VOCAL
  • General Organization
  • Key& Time Signatures
  • Rhythmic Groups
  • Chords
  • Slurs and Ties
  • Tremelos
  • Fingering
  • Bar Lines and Repeats
  • Nuances
  • Ornaments
  • Theory
  • Modern Notation

    PART TWO: INSTRUMENTAL AND VOCAL
  • General Organization
  • Keyboard Music
  • Vocal Music
  • String Instruments
  • Wind and Percussion Instruments
  • Accordian
  • Instrumental Scores

    APPENDICES
  • Authorities for this work
  • National Signs of 16 Countries
  • Index of Signs in Standard Braille Order
  • Tables of Signs


    Other Resources
  • Contact instructor
  • Send mail to class
  • Main BRL page
  • Contractions Lookup
  • Contractions List
  • Intro Braille course
  • Transcribers course
  • Specialized Codes course

  • II. CLEFS

    (Table 2)

    Signs from Table 2.

    G clef; treble
    G clef in the left hand part
    F clef; bass
    F clef in the right hand part
    C clef; alto clef for viola or high clef for bass
    C clef on fourth line; tenor clef
    G clef with small 8 above
    G clef with small 8 below

    2-1. Although clef signs do not determine pitches of notes in braille as they do in print, a knowledge of clef signs is vital to a complete understanding of print music. In print, a clef sign appears at the beginning of every staff music. In braille, when clef signs are used, they generally appear only at the beginning of pieces unless there is a change of clef.

    2-2. Some countries use clef signs with all braille music except keyboard music. Others omit them for an instrument, such as violin, that always plays in the same clef. When an instrument such as the cello changes clefs, the clef sign information is important in teaching materials.

    2-3. The note following a clef sign must have an octave mark.

    2-4. Dot 3 must follow a clef sign if the next character contains dots 1, 2, or 3.

    2-5. When a treble clef sign is printed in the bass staff or a bass clef sign is printed in the treble staff, the forms above, and are especially useful to teachers of sighted students. See Example 15-14.

    Sign from Table 14

    Hyphen for unfinished measure

    2-6. Clef signs can appear on any line of the staff. In order to show the line on which the clef sign is placed, its final character, dots 1-2-3, is preceded by an octave mark as follows:

    Example 2-6.

    2-7. A clef sign with a small 8 below indicates that the notes should sound one octave lower than written. Similarly, a clef with an 8 above the sign indicates that notes should sound one octave higher than written; a 16 above or below a clef sign indicates that notes should sound two octaves higher or lower. Example 2-7 is music for lute. The clef sign indicates that the notes will sond one octave lower, but the pitches are transcribed as printed.

    Example 2-7.



    Developed by
    Shodor logoThe Shodor Education Foundation, Inc.

    Copyright © 1999 The Shodor Education Foundation, Inc.